Newton's Law of Cooling Calculator

Time (t)
Surrounding constant temperature (Ts):
Object initial temperature (To):
Core temperature: (T):
Object final temperature T(t):=

What is a Newton's Law of Cooling Calculator?

A Newton’s Law of Cooling Calculator helps determine the rate at which an object cools down over time when placed in a surrounding environment with a different temperature. It is based on Newton's Law of Cooling, which states that the rate of temperature change of an object is proportional to the difference between its temperature and the ambient temperature.

Why Use a Newton's Law of Cooling Calculator?

  • Predict cooling rates for food, liquids, or industrial materials.
  • Optimize cooling processes in engineering, HVAC, and food safety.
  • Analyze temperature-dependent systems in physics and thermodynamics.

How to Calculate Cooling Using Newton’s Law?

The mathematical formula for Newton’s Law of Cooling is:

Where:

  • T(t) = Temperature of the object at time t
  • T₀ = Initial temperature of the object
  • T_ambient = Surrounding temperature
  • k = Cooling constant (depends on the material and environment)
  • t = Time elapsed

The cooling constant k is often determined experimentally or estimated based on the medium (air, water, etc.).

When to Use It?

  • Food safety: Estimating how long hot food takes to cool.
  • Engineering applications: Cooling rates of materials in manufacturing.
  • Forensic science: Estimating time of death based on body cooling.
  • HVAC and refrigeration: Designing efficient cooling systems.